Pekin Hutongları

Introducing Beijing Hutongs
Topluluk, modernization, ve siyaset tüm ülkede önemli ama Pekin'de daha büyük bir anlam kazanır ve hutonglarda birleşir. Hutonglar Pekin'in önemli bir kültürel unsuru temsil eder çünkü neredeyse her hutongun kendi anekdotları vardır, ve bazıları hatta tarihi olaylarla ilişkilendirilir.

Pekin Hutongları Hızlı Bilgiler
• Çince Adı: Pekin Hutong 北京胡同
• Ziyaret İçin En İyi Zaman: Yıl boyunca
• Tavsiye Edilen Ziyaret Saatleri: Saat 1 to 2 saat
• Yapılacak Şeyler: Fotoğrafçılık, Mimari, Çin Kültürü ve Tarihi
• Çalışma Saatleri: Tüm gün
• Giriş Ücreti: Ücretsiz
• Adres: Şehir merkezi, Beijing

Pekin Hutonglarında ne beklenir

Hutongların Kökeni
Pekin Hutongları, Pekin'in yerleşim alanları şekillenmeye başladığında Zhou Hanedanlığı sırasında tasarlanmıştır. Hutong kelimesi Moğolca hottog kelimesinden gelir ve 'su kuyusu' anlamına gelir. Bu terim Kubilay Han'ın yönetimi altında kullanılmaya başlanmıştır, Cengiz Han'ın torunu, Yuan Hanedanlığı sırasında, because communities start and grow around water supplies such as the lakes in many of the hutongs.

Hutong Culture
Organized by class status, in keeping with traditional principles of feng-shui, Beijing Hutongs had aristocrats living to the east and west of the palace in finely built homes while the common people lived to the north and south in much simpler dwellings. “A siheyuan is a quadrangle courtyard house” (Acharya) and, together with the east-west and north-south streets, forms the pattern of the neighborhood. Other cities have siheyuan, but the hutong are truly specific to Beijing. Today some of them are over 900 years old and in the words of local author, Li Cunbao, “Each hutong, is like a novel, a long historical story”.

Cultural Preservation
In Beijing Hutongs, front doors faced south for sunshine and protection from the cold northern winds. Originally six horse paces was a hutong, but now they range in length from as little as 100 yards to over 4 Miles. The narrowness of some of the alleys led to the nickname “the lanes,” and those slender streets can often end suddenly, making automobile traffic very risky. “There were over 7,000 hutongs in Beijing in 1949, but by the 1980s there were only 3,900 left. Son yıllarda, hutongs have been disappearing at a rate of 600 per year” (Collins). They are victims of the conflict between the desire for cultural preservation and the need for modernization and development. Therefore, Hutong protection becomes an urgent issue for modern people.

Famous Hutongs
Among the thousands of hutongs left, there are some distinctive ones which are worthy of visiting.

Nanluoguxiang, or called South Gong and Drum Alley, is one of the oldest hutongs in Beijing. It is 768 meters long and 8 metre genişliğinde. It is also the traditional residential area of checkerboard type with the most-preserved texture of hutong and courtyard in the Yuan Dynasty (1271 – 1368).
There are eight parallel hutongs on each side of the old alley. As it is close to the Forbidden City, many royal families and officials lived here. Örneğin, the former residence of China’s last empress, Wan Rong, is in the Mao’er Hutong. Buna ek olarak, a number of historical celebrities lived in the alleys before, such as Qi Baishi, a great artist, who is famous for his traditional Chinese painting.

Yandaixie Street, which is close to Shichahai, is also one the oldest Hutongs in Beijing. The length of the street is 232 metre. It got the name because there were many smoking pipe stores on the street in the late Qing Dynasty, and the street looks like a smoking pipe. The street used to be one of famous antique markets. Now it becomes a famous cultural street with classic architectures, featured stores as well as traditional restaurants.

Shichahai Hutongs best kees the most old Beijing buildings, so you can visit about 15 hutongs with particular features, imperial mansions and former homes of renowned people in this area, like the Prince Gong’s Mansion, which is the most-preserved palace of a prince of Qing dynasty in Beijing and a typical garden palace of a prince. What’s more, Shichahai is a famous tourism sightseeing area in Beijing. Yemyeşil bitkiler ve kristal berraklığında göllerle büyüleyici doğal manzaralar burada yer almaktadır, bu, Shichahai'nin Çin'deki 'Batı'nın Su İle Dolu Yeri' olarak onur kazanmasını sağlar.

Pekin Hutonglarına nasıl gidilir
Shichahai, Nanluoguxiang, Dashilan, hutongların yoğun olduğu başlıca alanlardır. Ziyaretçiler bu alanlara gitmek için aşağıdaki rehberleri deneyebilir.
• Metro Hattı'na binin 8 ya da Hat 7 Nanluoguxiang'a.
• Metro Hattı'na binin 8 Shichahai'ye.
• Metro Hattı'na binin 4 Lingjing Hutong'a.
• Metro Hattı'na binin 7 Zhushikou İstasyonu'na, ve Dashilan alanına yürü.

Pekin Hutongları hakkında ek seyahat tavsiyesi
• Bazı hutonglarda park yeri yoktur. Hutongları ziyaret etmenin en iyi yolu yürümek veya bisikletle gezmektir. Ayrıca sizi gezdirmek için bir rikşa da kiralayabilirsiniz.
• Bazı dar hutonglar geceleri ışıklandırmaya sahip olmayabilir, bu yüzden bu karanlık hutongları gece ziyaret etmek önerilmez.